Varicose veins, specifically in the lower limbs, are a common ailment, particularly prevalent among individuals engaged in prolonged physical labor or standing professions. This condition is characterized by the dilation, elongation, and tortuosity of the great saphenous vein in the lower extremities, resulting in symptoms such as heaviness, fatigue, and discomfort in the affected limbs. Patients include athletes, educators, and others who spend extended periods in a standing position. While lower limb varicosities may not cause pain or pose direct life threats, neglecting timely treatment can result in severe outcomes, including calf ulcers and venous thrombosis.
Clinically, varicose veins are categorized into six grades, with each level indicating increasing severity. Grade I features the dilation of capillaries, often seen in women with spider-like red capillaries on their thighs or calves. Grade II shows clearly visible, worm-like swollen veins that form a mesh-like or nodular pattern. By Grade III, edema occurs, with discomfort during prolonged walking. Grade IV may present with pigmentation and eczema, leading many patients to seek dermatological treatment, unaware that these skin changes originate from underlying saphenous vein issues causing skin thickening and nutritional deficiency. Grade V indicates the presence of ulcers that may heal, whereas Grade VI describes the most severe condition, characterized by non-healing ulcers predominantly located around the inner ankle, leading to skin hardening and discoloration.
Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy emerges as an effective adjunctive treatment method for lower limb varicose veins, offering various benefits:
1.Enhancement of Vascular Constriction Function: Patients with lower limb varicose veins often exhibit dilated blood vessels that hinder venous return. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy stimulates smooth muscle contraction in blood vessels, reducing their diameter and improving venous contraction function. In early-stage patients with mild dilation, HBO therapy can enhance smooth muscle contraction, restore normal vessel diameter, and effectively prevent disease progression.
2. Improvement of Hemorheological Properties: Blood viscosity and flow play crucial roles in the development and progression of lower limb varicosities. HBO therapy can lower blood viscosity, enhancing hemorheological characteristics to facilitate smoother blood flow through vessels. Patients with severe varicosities typically present with high blood viscosity, but following Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy, the deformability of red blood cells improves, platelet aggregation decreases, and blood flow dynamics significantly enhance, alleviating symptoms of stasis in the lower limbs.
3. Promotion of Collateral Circulation: When primary venous return is obstructed due to lower limb varicosities, the establishment of collateral circulation becomes vital for symptom relief. Hyperbaric Oxygen therapy stimulates angiogenesis, fostering the development of collateral blood vessels. As collateral circulation becomes more robust through HBO treatment, new pathways for blood return are created, markedly reducing edema symptoms.
4. Boosting Immune Function: Patients with lower limb varicose veins frequently experience compromised local blood circulation, predisposing them to infections. Hyperbaric Oxygen therapy enhances the body's immune response by increasing the phagocytic activity of white blood cells, aiding in the prevention and control of infections. For instance, a patient with lower limb varicose veins who developed a skin infection saw rapid control of the infection and accelerated wound healing following HBO therapy.
In conclusion, the integration of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in managing lower limb varicose veins presents significant therapeutic benefits. By enhancing vascular constriction, improving blood flow properties, promoting collateral circulation, and bolstering immune responses, Hyperbaric Oxygen therapy proves to be valuable in the holistic treatment of this prevalent condition.
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Post time: Nov-25-2024